Common Names of Sugars — Match the Column

Correct Answer: 1-d, 2-c, 3-a, 4-e, 5-b

Each sugar has a well-known common name in physiology:

• Brain sugar = Galactose (d): Galactose is a key component of cerebrosides and gangliosides — glycolipids found in brain and nervous tissue.
• Blood sugar = Glucose (c): Glucose is the primary fuel for all body cells and is tightly regulated in blood (normal: 80–120 mg/dl in non-ruminants; 40–60 mg/dl in ruminants).
• Milk sugar = Lactose (a): Lactose is a disaccharide of Glucose + Galactose. Found exclusively in milk.
• Cane sugar = Sucrose (e): Sucrose = Glucose + Fructose. Found in sugar cane and sugar beet.
• Fruit sugar = Fructose (b): Fructose is the sweetest natural sugar, found in fruits and honey.

Blood Glucose Normal Ranges

• Non-ruminants: 80–120 mg/dl
• Ruminants: 40–60 mg/dl
• Birds: 250 mg/dl