Factors Affecting Gene Frequency Change Due to Migration

Correct Answer: All of the Above

From the notes: Change in gene frequency due to migration depends on all three factors simultaneously.

Migration Formula

Δq = m(qm – q)

• m = proportion of migrants entering the population
• qm = gene frequency in the migrant population
• q = gene frequency in the base (recipient) population

Key Properties of Migration (from notes)

• Migration is a systematic force — predictable in both amount AND direction
• It acts in both large and small populations
• Effect depends on all three: proportion of migrants, gene frequency of migrants, and gene frequency of base population ✔

Contrast with Random Genetic Drift

Unlike migration, random genetic drift (Sewall Wright effect) is a dispersive force — acts only in small populations and is predictable only in amount, not in direction.