Which industrial policy marked the beginning of…

Question

Which industrial policy marked the beginning of liberalisation in the Indian industry, reducing the restrictions on private companies?

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Question (English)

Which industrial policy marked the beginning of liberalisation in the Indian industry, reducing the restrictions on private companies?

  1. Industrial Policy 1956
  2. Industrial Policy 1977
  3. Industrial Policy 1980
  4. Industrial Policy 1991 ✓ Correct
Explanation:

The Industrial Policy of 1991 marked the beginning of liberalization in Indian industry.

  • This policy introduced the concept of LPG (Liberalization, Privatization, and Globalization).
  • It significantly reduced restrictions on private companies by abolishing the 'License Raj' for most industries.
  • It opened up sectors previously reserved for the public sector to private participation and encouraged foreign direct investment (FDI).
  • The 1956 policy is known as the 'Economic Constitution of India' but focused on state control, unlike the 1991 policy which focused on market freedom.

प्रश्न (हिंदी)

किस औद्योगिक नीति ने भारतीय उद्योग में उदारीकरण की शुरुआत की, जिसने निजी कंपनियों पर प्रतिबंधों को कम किया?

  1. औद्योगिक नीति 1956
  2. औद्योगिक नीति 1977
  3. औद्योगिक नीति 1980
  4. औद्योगिक नीति 1991
स्पष्टीकरण:

1991 की औद्योगिक नीति ने भारतीय उद्योग में उदारीकरण (Liberalization) की शुरुआत की।

  • इस नीति ने भारत में LPG (उदारीकरण, निजीकरण और वैश्वीकरण) सुधारों की नींव रखी।
  • इसने अधिकांश उद्योगों के लिए 'लाइसेंस राज' को समाप्त करके निजी कंपनियों पर लगे प्रतिबंधों को काफी कम कर दिया।
  • इस नीति से पहले कई क्षेत्र केवल सरकारी (सार्वजनिक) क्षेत्र के लिए आरक्षित थे, जिन्हें निजी निवेश और विदेशी निवेश (FDI) के लिए खोल दिया गया।

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