UPSC Daily Current Affairs MCQs | 28 October 2025

Consider the following statements regarding the ‘UAE Consensus’ adopted at COP28:

1. It marked the first-ever Global Stocktake under the Paris Agreement.
2. It urges nations to “transition away from fossil fuels” in a just, fair, and balanced way.
3. It sets clear goals to triple renewable energy and double energy efficiency by 2030.

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With reference to the ‘Gyan Bharatam’ Mission, launched in 2025, consider the following statements:

1. The mission’s vision is to preserve, digitize, and disseminate India’s vast manuscript heritage.
2. The nodal ministry for this mission is the Ministry of Culture.
3. A “manuscript” for this mission is defined as a handwritten composition dating back at least 75 years.

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Consider the following pairs of diplomatic practices and their associated countries:

1. Panda Diplomacy: China
2. Orangutan Diplomacy: Malaysia
3. Koala Diplomacy: Australia

Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

With reference to the Adjusted Gross Revenue (AGR) issue in the telecom sector, consider the following statements:

1. AGR is defined as the profits of telecom operators from both telecommunications and non-telecom services.
2. The core of the AGR dispute is that telecom operators argue that AGR should only comprise revenues from telecom services.
3. The Supreme Court has recently allowed the Centre to reconsider the AGR issue.

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The Burevestnik missile, recently tested by Russia, is associated with which of the following features?

1. It is a nuclear-powered cruise missile.
2. It is also known by the designation SSC-X-9 Skyfall.
3. It is one of six new-generation strategic weapons in Russia’s arsenal.

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With reference to Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) in India, consider the following statements:

1. UCG is a process that converts coal into syngas, a mixture containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane.
2. The Coal Controller Organization (CCO) acts as the appellate authority in disputes between consumers and owners regarding the grade and size of coal.
3. A major challenge for UCG in India is that global technologies are often designed for low-ash coal, not India’s high-ash coal.

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Consider the following statements regarding the geopolitical significance of the Western Indian Ocean Region (WIOR):

1. The WIOR connects key sea lanes and includes major chokepoints like the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb.
2. India’s ‘Operation Sankalp’ is a key initiative demonstrating its role as a ‘Preferred Security Partner’ in the region.
3. One of the primary challenges in the WIOR is the rising Chinese influence, exemplified by its military base in Djibouti.

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With reference to India’s electronics sector, recently in the news, consider the following statements:

1. India is now the world’s second-largest mobile phone manufacturer.
2. The Electronics Component Manufacturing Scheme (ECMS) is under the nodal authority of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).
3. The Modified Electronics Manufacturing Clusters (EMC 2.0) scheme is one of the key measures taken to promote this sector.

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Consider the following statements about Keibul Lamjao National Park and Loktak Lake:

1. Keibul Lamjao is the only floating national park in the world.
2. Loktak Lake is famous for its ‘phumdis’ (floating islands of vegetation) and is the largest freshwater lake in Northeast India.
3. Loktak Lake is listed under the Montreux Record due to ecological problems.

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With reference to urban development challenges in India, consider the following statements:

1. ‘Floor Space Index’ (FSI) is the ratio of a building’s plot area to its total built-up area.
2. A key challenge identified is that 40-50% of piped water is lost due to leakages and inefficiencies.
3. A proposed way forward includes ‘Land Value Capture’ (LVC) to improve city revenues.

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