Vison IAS-T2

Consider the following situations/scenarios:

1. When no party has a clear majority in the Lok Sabha.
2. When the Prime Minister in office dies and there is no obvious successor.
3. When no pre-poll alliance gets clear majority in the Lok Sabha election.

In how many of the above situations/ scenarios the President may have to exercise his discretion in the appointment of the Prime Minister?

Who among the following may be provided representation in a municipality by the state legislature?

1. Person having special knowledge or experience in municipal administration without the right to vote in the meetings of the municipality.
2. The members of Lok Sabha and the state legislative assembly representing constituencies comprising wholly or partly the municipal area.
3. The members of the Rajya Sabha & the state legislative council registered as electors within the municipal area.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Consider the following statements:

1. The Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President.
2. The Judges of the High Courts are appointed by the Governors of the respective states.
3. The Judges of both the Supreme Court and the High Courts can only be removed by an order of the President.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to the tribunals in India:

1. The Tribunals were not part of the Original Indian constitution.
2. Appeal against the tribunal orders only lies at the Supreme Court.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding Governor:

1. The President may transfer a governor appointed to one state to another state for the rest of the term.
2. A Governor cannot hold the office beyond his term of five years.
3. The Constitution does not lay any grounds upon which a governor may be removed by the President.
4. A Governor whose term has expired maybe reappointed in the same state or any other state.

How many of the above statements are correct?

Which of the following maritime passages separates India and Maldives?

Consider the following statements regarding the impeachment of the President:

1. He can be impeached for the violation of the Constitution which is defined in the Constitution.
2. The impeachment charges can be initiated by Lok Sabha only.
3. The impeachment resolution should be passed by a majority of two-thirds of the total membership in both houses.

How many of the above statements are correct?

With reference to the qualifications for election as Vice-President, consider the following statements:

1. He should be naturalized citizen of India.
2. He should have completed 35 years of age.
3. He should be qualified for election as a member of the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.

How many of the above statements are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to the reservation of seats under the PESA Act, 1996:

1. The reservation of seats for the scheduled tribes in every panchayat in scheduled areas cannot be less than half of the total number of seats.
2. All seats of chairpersons of panchayats at all levels have to be reserved for the scheduled tribes.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding the Bharat Ratna Award:

1. The award can be conferred on Indian citizens only.
2. The award amounts to a title under Article 18 (1) of the constitution and can be used as a suffix or prefix to the awardees name.
3. The recipient of the award receives a Sanad (certificate) signed by the President, a medallion, and a monetary grant of Rs 25 Lakhs.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to the High Courts:
Statement-I: The salaries and the pensions of the Judges of the High Courts are Charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.
Statement-II: The salaries and the pensions of the Judges of the High Courts are decided by the Parliament.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Consider the following statements regarding the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha:

1. The Speaker fixes the election date of the Deputy Speaker and administers an oath to him after the election.
2. The Deputy Speaker automatically becomes the chairman of the committee in which he is appointed as a member.
3. According to the Constitution the Speaker shall come from the ruling party whereas the Deputy Speaker from the opposition party.

How many of the statements given above is/are correct?

Which of the following accurately reflects the fundamental objectives and essence of the Panchayati Raj system?

1. Ensuring people’s participation in developmental processes
2. Devolving power to grassroots levels and enhancing community involvement in decision-making
3. Focusing on administrative delegation

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

It is created for the administration of a town which does not yet fulfill all the conditions necessary for the constitution of a municipality. It is neither an elected body, nor a statutory body. But unlike the municipality, it is an entirely nominated body, that is, all its members including the chairman are nominated by the state government.
The above description refers to which of the following types of urban local bodies?

Which of the following individual privileges is provided to the members of the state legislatures?

In the context of Indian polity, consider the following statements regarding the legislative assemblies:

1. The elections of the members are now done through direct elections only.
2. The 105th Amendment Act, 2019 ceased the reservation of seats for the Anglo-Indian communities.
3. The uniformity of representation across the different constituencies of a state is mandated directly by the Constitution.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to the composition of the Rajya Sabha:

1. All states are given equal representation in the Rajya Sabha.
2. The Fourth Schedule of the Constitution deals with the allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha to the states and union territories.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements:

1. The elusive binturong (bearcat) and the small-clawed otter, have recently been recorded in Kaziranga National Park.
2. They are categorized as ‘critically endangered’ under the IUCN list of protected species.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to the jurisdiction of a court:

1. The Original Jurisdiction means the power to hear such disputes in the first instance, not by way of appeal.
2. The Exclusive Jurisdiction means no other court can decide such disputes.
3. The High courts in India have the original jurisdiction to decide on election petitions in a parliamentary or assembly election.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

With reference to the veto power of president, consider the following pairs:

1. Qualified veto: can be overridden by the legislature with a higher majority.
2. Suspensive veto: can be overridden by the legislature with an ordinary majority.
3. Absolute veto: withholding of assent to the bill passed by the legislature.

How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

Consider the following statements regarding Adjournment sine die:

1. It is issued by the Presiding officer once the Governor prorogues the House.
2. It ends the session of the legislative assembly of the state.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following conditions:

1. Independently elected member joins any political party
2. Member voluntarily gives up the membership of the political party
3. Nominated member joins any political party after six months from the date of taking the seat

In how many of the above given conditions, members of Parliament or Legislative Assemblies can be disqualified on the ground of defection under the tenth schedule of the Indian Constitution?

The K Vijay Raghvan committee has been set up to review the functioning of which of the following organisations?

Regarding the Parliamentary System in India, consider the following statements:

1. All ministers are collectively responsible to the Parliament in general and to the Lok Sabha in particular.
2. Prime Minister is the leader of the Council of Ministers while Speaker is the leader of the Parliament.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to responsibility of ministers, consider the following statements:

1. Collective responsibility means that the Cabinet decisions bind all cabinet ministers even if they differed in the cabinet meeting.
2. President cannot remove a minister when the council of ministers enjoys the confidence of the Lok Sabha.
3. An order of the President for a public act should be countersigned by a minister.

How many of the above statements are correct?

Which of the following are chaired by the Prime Minister?

1. NITI Aayog
2. National Integration Council
3. Inter-State Council
4. Zonal Council
5. National Water Resources Council

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Consider the following pairs:

Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

Consider the following:

1. Advisory jurisdiction
2. Extraordinary power of special leave
3. Judicial review

How many of the powers or jurisdictions mentioned above are common to both the Supreme Court of the USA and the Supreme Court of India?

With reference to the Vice-President, consider the following statements:

1. His ground of removal is mentioned in the Constitution.
2. A formal impeachment is required for his removal.
3. Resolution of his removal is passed by the Rajya Sabha by special majority.

How many of the above statements are correct?

With reference to the reservation of constituencies, consider the following statements:

1. The Constitution currently mandates the reservation of seats in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies only for the SC, ST, and Anglo-Indian communities.
2. The provision of reservation of constituencies was initially made for a period of 10 years and the President can decide to further extend it.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statement regarding the government bodies:

1. Chief Minister is the chairman of the State planning board.
2. Chief Minister is a member of the Interstate Council and National Development Council.
3. Chief Minister acts as a vice chairman of the concerned zonal council for five years.
4. The Chairman of Joint Public Service Commission is appointed by the Governor.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to the interpretation of the Indian Constitution by the Court:

1. Both, the Supreme Court and the High Courts are competent authority to interpret the Constitution.
2. Interpretation of the Supreme Court is final while the interpretation of the High Courts is not final.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements:

1. The procedure for the election of members of the Rajya Sabha in the Indian Constitution is borrowed from the South African Constitution.
2. The provision for the nomination of members to the Rajya Sabha is borrowed from the US Constitution.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the Lok Adalats, consider the following statements:

1. The Lok Adalats have the power of summoning and enforcing the attendance of any witness and examining him/her on oath.
2. No appeal shall lie to any court against the award of the Lok Adalat.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The Panama Canal, a vital waterway for international maritime trade, connects which of the following two major waterbodies?

Consider the following statement: Statement-I: A person who is not a member of either house of the state legislature can also be appointed as a minister. Statement-II: But within one month, he must become a member of either house of the state legislature, otherwise, he ceases to be a minister. Which one of the following is correct in respect to the above statements?

Consider the following statements regarding the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the state legislative assemblies:

1. In case of vacancy in both the offices, a member appointed by the Governor performs the duties of the Speaker.
2. They are neither entitled to vote in the first instance nor provide a casting vote when a resolution for their removal is under consideration.
3. While the Deputy Speaker submits his resignation to the Speaker, the latter does it to the Governor of the State.

How many of the statements given above are not correct?

Consider the following statements regarding construction of Ayodhya’s Ram Temple:

1. The temple is being constructed fusing Nagara and Dravida style architecture, respecting journey of Lord Rama from North to South.
2. The temple is being constructed completely using traditional and indigenous technology, avoiding use of iron or steel.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding the financial powers of the Governor:

1. No demand for a grant can be made except on his recommendation.
2. He can reserve the money bill for the consideration of the President.
3. He constitutes of finance commission after every six years.

Which of the following statements given above are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding the powers of the President:

1. He appoints the Prime Minister and the other ministers.
2. He can seek any information relating to the proposals for legislation from the Prime Minister.
3. He decides on questions related to disqualifications of members of the Parliament in consultation with the Election Commission.

How many of the above are the executive powers of the President?

Consider the following statements regarding the bills passed by the state legislatures:

Statement-I: The President has the power to exercise pocket veto over those bills that have been reconsidered by the state legislature.
Statement-II: The Constitution does not make it obligatory for the President to give assent to the reconsidered bills of the state legislature.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

In the context of Indian polity, consider the following statements regarding the term Cabinet:

1. It was not mentioned in the original constitution.
2. Its powers and functions are not defined in the constitution.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to the High Courts:

1. The jurisdiction and powers of a High Court can be enhanced both by the Parliament and the state legislature.
2. The Parliament can exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court from any Union territory.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the Council of Ministers, consider the following statements:

1. The total number of ministers, including the Chief Minister in the Council of Ministers in the state shall not exceed 20% of the total number of members of the legislative assembly of that state.
2. The number of ministers, including the Chief Minister in a state shall not be less than 12.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Both India and Bangladesh are common members of which of the following international groupings?

1. BIMSTEC
2. SAARC
3. Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
4. Colombo Security Conclave

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

In context of urban local government, consider the following statements:

1. Four-fifths of the members of the District Planning Committee should be indirectly elected.
2. Two-thirds of the members of the Metropolitan Planning Committee should be directly elected.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Which of the following types of urban local bodies is/are created by an act of the State Government?

1. Port Trust
2. Town Area Committee
3. Cantonment Board

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Which of the following statements is not correct about the abolition or creation of the legislative council in states?

1. Parliament can abolish or create a Legislative Council after a resolution is passed by the concerned Legislative Assembly.
2. The resolution must be passed by the State Legislative Assembly by a special majority.
3. The act for the creation or abolition of the council by parliament is considered a constitutional amendment under Article 265.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Consider the following statements:

Statement-I: A High Court in India has the power to review and correct its own orders or judgements.
Statement-II: All the High Courts in India are Courts of Record.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Which of the following features make elections in India free and fair?

1. Independence of Election Commission
2. Universal Adult Franchise
3. Use of VVPAT in the voting process.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Consider the following statements:

1. Article 1 of Indian Constitution explicitly mention and define ‘federalism’ in India.
2. Supreme Court in Bommai Case (1994) characterized federalism as basic feature of constitution.
3. Committed judiciary is the feature of Indian Federalism.

How many of the above statements are correct?

Consider the following:

1. Providing reservation of seats backward classes in panchayats
2. Direct elections to all seats in panchayats at the village, intermediate and district levels
3. Granting financial powers to Panchayat

How many of the above are compulsory provisions for states to implement under Part IX of the Constitution?

Consider the following statements about Legislative Council:

1. The legislative council of a state participates in election of the President of India and representatives of the state in Rajya Sabha.
2. The council can discuss the budget and vote on the demand for grants.
3. The council cannot remove the council of minister by passing no-confidence motion.

How many of the above statements are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding the Advocate general of the state:

1. He is appointed by the President of India upon the recommendation of the Governor of the concerned state.
2. He must have held a judicial office for five years or been an advocate of a High Court for ten years.
3. He holds office during the pleasure of the governor.
4. His term of office is not fixed by the Constitution.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

NexCAR19 therapy is sometimes mentioned in the news with reference to which one of the following diseases?

The Corruption Perception Index is released by which of the following organizations?

Consider the following statements:

1. President may give his assent to the bill
2. President withhold his assent to the bill
3. President may direct the Governor to return all kinds of the bill for the reconsideration of the state legislature.

How many of the above alternatives are available to the President when a bill is reserved by the Governor for his consideration?

Consider the following pairs:

How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

Consider the following statements with reference to the District Judges:

1. The appointment of the District Judge shall be made by the Governor of the state.
2. The administrative control over the District Courts is vested with the Governor of the respective state.
3. A District Judge does not have the power to award a death sentence.

How many of the above given statements are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to an acting judge in the High Court:

1. The appointment of the acting Judge cannot last more than a period of two years or 62 years of age whichever is less.
2. One possible cause of such an appointment can be when a judge of that high court is unable to perform the duties of his office due to absence.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The Mpemba effect is related to:

Recently in news, the Soligas and Yeravas are related to:

Consider the following statements with reference to the President’s power to seek opinion or advise under Article 143 of the Indian Constitution:

1. The President can seek opinion or advice either from the Supreme Court or from a Specific High Court.
2. None of the such opinions or advice rendered is/are binding in nature.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to pressure group in India:

1. Pressure groups attempt to influence government policies.
2. Unlike political parties, pressure groups do not aim to directly control or share political power.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the Electoral Reforms, consider the following statements:

1. Persons in jail or police custody cease to be an elector therefore, they cannot contest elections.
2. The ceiling on election expenditure of candidates for a Lok Sabha seat is uniform across all states.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements about the Family Courts:

1. It is mandatory for the State Government to set up a Family Court for every city or town whose population exceeds ten lakh.
2. Family courts in India have exclusive jurisdiction over cases concerning family disputes, divorce, and related matters.
3. The parties to a dispute before a Family Court do not have the right to be represented by a legal practitioner.

How many of the statements given above are not correct?

Consider the following statements regarding the Anti-Defection law in India:

1. The law applies only to the elected members of the parliament and legislative assemblies.
2. The decision of the speaker/chairman on the disqualification proceedings can be subjected to Judicial review.
3. The law provides a three-month timeframe for the presiding officer to take the decision in this regard.

How many of the statements given above are not correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to the Permanent Lok Adalats:

1. The Permanent Lok Adalats have jurisdiction only over matters which are compoundable in nature.
2. The Permanent Lok adalats are established under Section 89 of the Code of Civil Procedure.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to Plea Bargaining:

1. In India, Plea Bargaining is a legal right of the accused.
2. Under the Indian legal system, it is available for all offenses that are punishable with imprisonment for a term of seven years or less with a fine.
3. The process of plea bargaining in India is initiated by the accused.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The Idate commission, which was recently in news is related to:
(a) Preparation of statewise list of castes belonging to denotified & nomadic tribes
(b) To study provision of reservation for Marathas in OBC category
(c) To work with judiciary to develop a mechanism of judicial accountability
(d) To recommend measures for full account convertability

The Representation of the People Act, 1951 provides for which of the following?

1. Preparation of electoral rolls
2. Procedures for delimitation of constituencies
3. Disqualifications for membership of state legislature

Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

In case when no party has a clear majority in the assembly, the Governor may:

1. Appoint the leader of the largest party or coalition in the assembly as the Chief Minister and ask him to seek a vote of confidence in the house within six weeks only.
2. The Constitution requires that a person must prove his majority in the legislative assembly before he is appointed as the Chief Minister.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Consider the following with reference to the removal of the Judges of the Supreme Court and of the High Courts:

1. Proved misbehaviour
2. Incapacity
3. Violation of the Constitution

According to the Indian Constitution, how many of the causes mentioned above are grounds for the removal of the Judges of the Supreme Court and the High Courts?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None

Consider the following statements regarding ‘Remission of Duties and Taxes on Exported Products (RoDTEP) scheme’:

1. RODTEP is based on the globally accepted principle that taxes and duties should not be exported.
2. The RoDTEP scheme refunds the embedded Central, State and local duties/taxes to the exporters that were so far not being refunded.
3. The Duty Scrips are non-transferrable.
4. The Duty Scrips can be used for the payment of only the Basic Customs Duty.

How many statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) Only three
(d) All four

The Indian government recently signed an agreement to acquire five lithium brine blocks for exploration and development in Argentina. In this context, consider the following statements about lithium:

1. It is the lightest metal in the periodic table and is popularly known as white gold.
2. Argentina, Peru, and Chile form the part of the lithium triangle where more than 50% of lithium deposits are concentrated.
3. No deposits of lithium have been discovered in India so far.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Consider the following statements in reference to legislative power of the Governor:

1. He can appoint any member of the state legislative assembly to preside over its proceeding when the offices of both speaker and deputy speaker fall vacant.
2. He decides on the question of disqualification of members of the state legislature in consultation with the High Court.
3. He can nominate one-twelfth of the members of the state legislative Council.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

Which of the following items have been placed in the eleventh schedule of the constitution?

1. Agriculture
2. Primary and secondary school education
3. Khadi, village and cottage industries
4. Public distribution system

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

The Ethics Committee of Lok Sabha can be best categorized as:

Consider the following statements:
Statement-I: The Indian states have no right of territorial integrity.
Statement-II: Indian Federation is “an indestructible Union of destructible states”.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Consider the following statements regarding the state executive:

1. The Governor is part of permanent executive as he can only be removed by the state legislature by a special majority.
2. The Chief Secretary of the state is part of the political executive as he can be removed or transferred based on the decisions of the state government.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Union executive consists of the:

1. President
2. Lok-Sabha speaker
3. Prime Minister
4. Council of ministers
5. Solicitor General of India

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Consider the following statements regarding the selection of members for the legislative council:

1. One-sixth of members are nominated by Governor from amongst persons who have a special knowledge or practical experience of literature, science, art, cooperative movement and social service.
2. One-third of the seats are reserved for the scheduled caste and scheduled tribe community.
3. The constitution authorize parliament to frame a law for the election of the members to legislative council.

How many of the above statements are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to the ordinance-making power of the President:

1. It cannot be issued retrospectively.
2. It cannot alter or amend a tax law.
3. It cannot be issued to amend the Constitution.

How many of the above statements are correct?

Regarding the Chief Minister, consider the following statements:

1. He is the de jure head of the state government.
2. He is the leader of the ruling party in the state legislative assembly.
3. Council of Ministers remains in power until the next Chief Minister is elected after the resignation of the Chief minister.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding the ordinance making power of the Governor:

1. He can promulgate ordinances when the state legislative assembly (in case of a unicameral legislature) or any of the one house of state legislature (in case of a bicameral legislature) is not in session.
2. These ordinances must be approved by the state legislature within six months from its reassembly.

Which of the statements given above is/are not correct?

In the context of Rajya Sabha, consider the following statements:

1. The Rajya Sabha is a continuing chamber and not subject to dissolution.
2. The Constitution has fixed the term of office of members of the Rajya Sabha to be six years.
3. One-third of its members retire every second year.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements:

1. India is considered a federal system but has a strong Centre.
2. The states are given representation in the Rajya Sabha on the basis of population.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to the supervisory jurisdiction of the High Courts:

1. Military courts or Tribunals are exempted from such supervisory jurisdictions.
2. An aggrieved party must have to file an application before the High Court for it to exercise such jurisdiction.
3. It covers only judicial superintendence, not administrative superintendence.

How many of the statements given above are incorrect?

Consider the following:

1. Legislative Action
2. Executive Action
3. Administrative Action

How many of the cases mentioned above Judiciary can invoke Judicial Review jurisdiction?

The ‘Alliance for Global Good Gender Equity and Equality’ is launched by which of the following countries?

Consider the following statements in respect of election to the Panchayati Raj institutions of India:

1. The chairperson of a panchayat at the village level shall be elected in such manner as the state legislature determines.
2. State Election Commissioner who is responsible for conducting elections is under the control of the Election Commission of India.
3. Any person who is at least 25 years or above can contest the election for panchayat.

How many of the above statements are correct?

Consider the following statements about Payment banks: Statement-I: Payment banks are differentiated banks conceptualised to promote financial inclusion in the country. Statement-II: The main objective of payment banks is to widen the spread of payment and financial services to small businesses, low-income households, and migrant labor workforce in a secure technology-driven environment. Which one of the following is correct in reference to the above statements?

Consider the following statements:

1. A member of either house of the state legislative assembly belonging to any political party, who is disqualified on the ground of defection, shall also be disqualified to be appointed as a minister.
2. The council of ministers shall be collectively responsible to the state legislative assembly.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The Chandaka-Dampara Wildlife Sanctuary, recently seen in the news, is located which of the following states of India?

Consider the following:

1. Arbitration.
2. Mediation.
3. Plea bargaining.

How many of the tools given above are not part of the Alternate Dispute Resolution mechanisms?

Consider the following statements: Statement-I: If a person is elected to both Houses of Parliament, he/she must intimate within 10 days in which House he/she desires to serve. Statement-II: The Constitution of India has explicitly prescribed the rule in that case. Which one of the following is correct with respect to the above statements?

Dinesh Goswami Committee and Vohra Committee are related to:

How many of the following provisions regarding the state legislatures are derived directly from the Constitution of India?

1. Any member who has been absent for sixty days without the permission of the House, must vacate his/her seat.
2. The maximum gap between the two sessions of a state legislature should not be more than six months.
3. Disqualification of a member for holding the office of Profit in a corporation having a 25% Government share.
4. To be qualified as a member of the State Assembly, a member must be an elector for an assembly constituency in the concerned state.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Consider the following statements with reference to the Gram Nyayalayas:

1. The presiding officer (Nyayadhikari) is appointed by the state government in consultation with the respective High Court.
2. The Gram Nyayalayas have the powers of both Criminal and Civil Courts.
3. The Gram Nyayalayas are established under the Legal Services Authorities Act 1987.

Which of the statements given above is/are not correct?

The term ‘Zombie Virus’, recently in the news, is associated with: