Topics:
Animal Refresher, Meat Science
Application of the 12-D Concept
12-D concept is mainly used in:
- Dairy industry
- Canning industry — Correct Answer
- Wool industry
- Tanning industry
Explanation:
Correct Answer: Canning Industry
The 12-D concept is the fundamental safety standard used in the canning industry for thermal processing of low-acid foods including canned meat.
What is the 12-D Concept?
- The heat process must be sufficient to reduce the population of Clostridium botulinum spores by 12 decimal reductions (12 log cycles).
- This means if there were 10¹² spores initially, the probability of even one survivor is 1 in 1 (theoretical sterility).
- In practice, this is achieved at 121°C for approximately 3 minutes (F₀ = 3 minutes), known as the botulinum cook.
Why Clostridium botulinum?
- It is the most heat-resistant pathogenic spore former relevant to canned foods.
- It produces the deadly botulinum toxin (most potent biological toxin known) in anaerobic (oxygen-free) conditions inside cans.
Shelf Life of Canned Meat
- Minimum 2 years at ambient temperature when properly processed.
📚 About this Topic — Animal Refresher
This multiple choice question is from Animal Refresher, Meat Science. It has 4 options with a detailed explanation of the correct answer. Practice more MCQs from Animal Refresher to strengthen your preparation.
