Topics:
Animal Nutrition, Animal Refresher
Proximate Principle Calculated by Difference
Which of the following proximate principle is not determined by analysis but simply calculated by difference?
- CF
- NFE — Correct Answer
- CP
- Total ash
Explanation:
Correct Answer: NFE
NFE (Nitrogen-Free Extract) is the only proximate principle that is not directly determined by chemical analysis — it is simply calculated by subtraction from the other measured proximate principles.
NFE Calculation
- NFE% (DM basis) = 100 – (CP% + EE% + CF% + Ash%)
- All other proximate principles are subtracted from 100 to give NFE
- NFE represents easily digestible carbohydrates (monosaccharides, disaccharides)
Proximate Principles — Methods of Determination
| Proximate Principle | Method |
|---|---|
| Crude Protein (CP) | Kjeldahl method (direct analysis) |
| Ether Extract (EE) | Soxhlet apparatus (direct analysis) |
| Crude Fibre (CF) | Sequential acid-alkali digestion (direct analysis) |
| Total Ash | Muffle furnace at 600°C/2 hrs (direct analysis) |
| Moisture/Water | Hot air oven at 100°C/1 hr (direct analysis) |
| NFE | Calculated by difference — NOT directly analysed |
Why Other Options Are Wrong
- CF → determined by direct analysis (acid-alkali digestion method)
- CP → determined by Kjeldahl method directly
- Total ash → determined by muffle furnace directly
📚 About this Topic — Animal Nutrition
This multiple choice question is from Animal Nutrition, Animal Refresher. It has 4 options with a detailed explanation of the correct answer. Practice more MCQs from Animal Nutrition to strengthen your preparation.
