Disaster Vulnerability of Indian Himalayan Region

Question

Consider the following factors contributing to the disaster vulnerability of the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR):

  1. The region is part of young, fold mountains with ongoing tectonic activity.
  2. Anthropogenic activities such as road construction and hydroelectric projects.
  3. Accelerated glacial retreat and the melting of permafrost.
  4. The region falls under Seismic Zones I and II, indicating low seismic activity.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

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